Pine Oil
C₁₁H₁₈O — A Natural Frother for Metallic Ore Flotation
Pine Oil is a clear, light-colored liquid composed of monoterpene hydrocarbons and oxygenated monoterpenes, with the chemical formula C₁₁H₁₈O.
Production & Wider Use
It is obtained through the steam distillation of pine needles and branches and is widely used as a natural frother with good stability in the flotation of various metallic ores.
In addition to mineral processing applications, Pine Oil is also used as a fragrance agent and disinfectant in medical, pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and personal care industries.
From Pinus Sylvestris
The main source of Pine Oil is Pinus sylvestris. The extracted oil is typically colorless to pale yellow and consists mainly of secondary and tertiary cyclic terpene alcohols. Its exact composition depends on the pine species and the plant parts used for extraction.
Behavior & Emulsification
Pine Oil has a density lower than water, is insoluble in water, and floats on the water surface. Its vapors are heavier than air. It is soluble in ethanol (approximately 1:5 ratio) and other organic solvents. When combined with emulsifiers, it can form stable emulsions.
By adding an emulsifier to Pine Oil at a ratio of 2.5:1, a concentrated milky-white oil emulsion can be produced.
Where Pine Oil Is Used
Pine Oil is widely used as a natural frother in mineral processing, particularly in the flotation of metallic ores such as copper. In some applications, synthetic frothers such as synthetic alcohols and polyglycol ethers can replace it.
Because of its antimicrobial and soothing properties, Pine Oil is used in respiratory care products, disinfectants, and skin care formulations. It may help reduce unpleasant odors, inhibit certain bacteria and fungi, and provide a calming effect.
Pine Oil is commonly used in cosmetics and personal care products for its refreshing fragrance, antioxidant properties, and use in soaps, skincare products, and anti-aging formulations.
Pine Oil is used in massage products for its relaxing aroma and potential soothing effects.
Quality Data Sheet
| Parameter | Value |
|---|---|
| Appearance | Clear liquid, colorless to light yellow |
| Active Components (Terpene Alcohols) | ≥ 90% |
| Purity | ≥ 90% |
| Density (20°C) | Approximately 0.93 g/cm³ |
| Solubility | Insoluble in water; soluble in organic solvents such as ethanol |
| Odor | Characteristic pine-like odor |
| Moisture | According to product grade |